Abel E L
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C. S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1995 Jul-Aug;17(4):437-43. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(95)00005-c.
The incidence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is now estimated at 0.97 cases per 1,000 live births in the general obstetric population and 4.3% among "heavy" drinkers. The general incidence is more than 20 times higher in the United States (1.95 per 1,000) compared to Europe and other countries (0.08 per 1,000). Within the United States, the incidence at sites characterized by low socioeconomic status, and African American or Native American background are about 10 times higher (2.29 cases per 1,000) compared to sites with a predominant middle/upper SES and Caucasian background (0.26 per 1,000). Based on racial background, the number of pregnant women in the U.S. giving birth to FAS children is 2,043 per year; if based on socioeconomic status, the number is slightly higher 2,366. Although race and SES are confounded in the U.S. studies, an examination of U.S. and European studies suggests that the major factor associated with FAS is low SES rather than racial background.
目前估计，在普通产科人群中，胎儿酒精综合征的发病率为每1000例活产中有0.97例，在“重度”饮酒者中为4.3%。与欧洲和其他国家（每1000例中有0.08例）相比，美国的总体发病率高出20多倍（每1000例中有1.95例）。在美国，社会经济地位较低、非裔美国人或美国原住民背景地区的发病率（每1000例中有2.29例），与以中/高社会经济地位和白人背景为主的地区（每1000例中有0.26例）相比，高出约10倍。基于种族背景，美国每年有2043名孕妇生下患有胎儿酒精综合征的儿童；若基于社会经济地位计算，这一数字略高，为2366名。尽管在美国的研究中种族和社会经济地位相互混淆，但对美国和欧洲研究的考察表明，与胎儿酒精综合征相关的主要因素是低社会经济地位，而非种族背景。
