Cosín Aguilar J, Cruz Fernández J M
Unidad de Investigación Cardiocirculatoria Hospital La Fe, Valencia.
Rev Esp Cardiol. 1995;48 Suppl 2:5-10.
Recently the European Societies of Cardiology Atherosclerosis and Hypertension have published a document of Recommendations on the Prevention of Coronary Disease in Clinical Practice. The information given in the document has proven that a reduction in cholesterol reduces the risk of the onset of new coronary as well as cardiovascular mortality. It has been accepted that such reduction can induce the regression of the atheroma plaque, and the slowing of its progression. In Spain cardiovascular mortality has progressively decreased since 1975. This is true for the coronary caused mortality and the secondary to a cerebrovascular disease, the latter being that where the greatest change has been noticed, as well as in women. Probably, this trend may be explained by a better control on hypertension, as well as by a more adequate hospital net. Spain has one of the lowest rates of mortality due to coronary disease among the industrialized countries. Nevertheless, the cardiovascular mortality is still the first cause of death in Spain. Spanish cardiologist are convinced that the relationship between the levels of cholesterol and coronary risk happened in Spain, in quantitative terms, differently than in Central Europe and the USA. They consider that the "Mediterranean diet" is the protective factor.
最近，欧洲心脏病学会动脉粥样硬化和高血压分会发表了一份关于临床实践中冠心病预防的建议文件。该文件中的信息已证实，降低胆固醇可降低新发冠心病的风险以及心血管疾病死亡率。人们已经认识到，这种降低可促使动脉粥样斑块消退，并减缓其进展。自1975年以来，西班牙的心血管疾病死亡率一直在逐步下降。冠心病导致的死亡率以及脑血管疾病继发的死亡率都是如此，后者是变化最为显著的领域，女性也是如此。这一趋势可能是由于对高血压的更好控制以及更完善的医院网络。在工业化国家中，西班牙的冠心病死亡率是最低的之一。然而，心血管疾病死亡率仍然是西班牙的首要死因。西班牙心脏病专家确信，西班牙胆固醇水平与冠心病风险之间的关系在数量上与中欧和美国不同。他们认为“地中海饮食”是保护因素。
