Grillner S, Deliagina T, el Manira A, Hill R H, Lansner A, Orlovsky G N, Wallén P
Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Trends Neurosci. 1995 Jun;18(6):270-9.
The networks of the brainstem and spinal cord that co-ordinate locomotion and body orientation in lamprey are described. The cycle-to-cycle pattern generation of these networks is produced by interacting glutamatergic and glycinergic neurones, with NMDA receptor-channels playing an important role at lower rates of locomotion. The fine tuning of the networks produced by 5-HT, dopamine and GABA systems involves a modulation of Ca2+-dependent K+ channels, high- and low-threshold voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and presynaptic inhibitory mechanisms. Mathematical modelling has been used to explore the capacity of these biological networks. The vestibular control of the body orientation during swimming is exerted via reticulospinal neurones located in different reticular nuclei. These neurones become activated maximally at different angles of tilt.
本文描述了七鳃鳗中协调运动和身体定向的脑干和脊髓神经网络。这些网络的逐周期模式生成是由相互作用的谷氨酸能和甘氨酸能神经元产生的，NMDA受体通道在较低运动速率时发挥重要作用。5-羟色胺、多巴胺和GABA系统对网络的精细调节涉及对钙依赖性钾通道、高阈值和低阈值电压激活钙通道以及突触前抑制机制的调节。数学建模已被用于探索这些生物网络的能力。游泳过程中身体定向的前庭控制是通过位于不同网状核的网状脊髓神经元来实现的。这些神经元在不同的倾斜角度时被最大程度地激活。
