Vinokur A D, Price R H, Schul Y
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48106-1248, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 1995 Feb;23(1):39-74. doi: 10.1007/BF02506922.
Reports the results of the JOBS II randomized field experiment that included a sample of 1,801 recent job losers, 671 of which participated in a modified version of the JOBS I intervention for unemployed workers (Caplan, Vinokur, Price, & van Ryn, 1989). The intervention focused on enhancing the sense of mastery through the acquisition of job-search and problem-solving skills, and on inoculation against setbacks. JOBS II was intended to prevent poor mental health and to promote high quality reemployment. The study tested whether the efficacy of the intervention could be increased by screening and oversampling respondents who were at higher risk for a significant increase in depressive symptoms. Results demonstrated that the intervention primarily benefited the reemployment and mental health outcomes of the high-risk respondents. This suggests the feasibility of enhancing the efficacy of this preventive intervention by targeting it for high-risk unemployed workers who could be identified prospectively.
报告了JOBS II随机现场实验的结果，该实验样本包括1801名近期失业者，其中671人参与了针对失业工人的JOBS I干预的改良版（卡普兰、维诺库尔、普赖斯和范林，1989年）。干预措施侧重于通过获取求职和解决问题的技能来增强掌控感，以及对挫折进行预防。JOBS II旨在预防心理健康问题并促进高质量再就业。该研究测试了通过筛选和对抑郁症状显著增加风险较高的受访者进行过采样，是否可以提高干预措施的效果。结果表明，干预措施主要使高风险受访者的再就业和心理健康结果受益。这表明通过将这种预防性干预措施针对可前瞻性识别的高风险失业工人，提高其效果是可行的。
