Dwyer R M
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0099, USA.
Rev Sci Tech. 1995 Jun;14(2):403-18. doi: 10.20506/rst.14.2.846.
Disinfection of equine premises provides a challenge to farm managers, in view of the variety of surfaces which may be contaminated and the wide variety of horse pathogens. Of the commonly occurring infectious diseases for which disinfection and disease control are especially important, rotavirus diarrhoea, salmonellosis and strangles are the most difficult to control. Phenolic disinfectants have been scientifically demonstrated to be effective in the presence of organic matter and are also virucidal. When used after thorough cleaning and rinsing of stall surfaces, phenolics have proved effective in controlling outbreaks of disease. In addition, 10% iodophors used for washing hands and cleaning equipment are also virucidal and bactericidal. Quaternary ammonium compounds, chlorhexidine, bleach and pine oil are readily available commercially, but are ineffective disinfectants in the presence of the organic matter encountered on horse farms.
鉴于马厩内可能被污染的表面种类繁多以及马病原体种类广泛，马厩的消毒对农场管理者来说是一项挑战。在需要特别重视消毒和疾病控制的常见传染病中，轮状病毒腹泻、沙门氏菌病和马腺疫是最难控制的。酚类消毒剂经科学证明在有有机物存在时是有效的，并且还具有杀病毒作用。在对马厩表面进行彻底清洁和冲洗后使用时，酚类消毒剂已被证明对控制疾病暴发有效。此外，用于洗手和清洁设备的10%碘伏也具有杀病毒和杀菌作用。季铵化合物、洗必泰、漂白剂和松油在商业上很容易买到，但在马场存在的有机物环境中是无效的消毒剂。
