Singer L, Arendt R, Minnes S, Farkas K, Yamashita T, Kliegman R
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Subst Abuse. 1995;7(2):165-74. doi: 10.1016/0899-3289(95)90002-0.
This study investigated psychological symptoms, self-reported postpartum by poor, primarily African American women who used cocaine during pregnancy. Ninety-nine cocaine-using mothers (COC+) were compared to 44 noncocaine-using mothers (COC-) on standardized measures of psychological distress and verbal comprehension. Mothers were interviewed to determined extent of drug involvement. COC+ mothers reported using alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco at two to three times the rate of comparison mothers during pregnancy and reported earlier initiation of marijuana use. COC+ women were more likely to admit to interpersonal difficulties and to report phobic anxiety and paranoid ideational symptoms. The COC+ group was also more likely to have clinically elevated scores on subscales indicating feelings of personal inadequacy, phobic anxiety, and paranoia. The use of cocaine, in combination with either alcohol or marijuana, was the best predictor of psychoticism, hostility, and total number of distress symptoms.
本研究调查了孕期使用可卡因的贫困非裔美国女性产后自我报告的心理症状。将99名使用可卡因的母亲（COC+）与44名不使用可卡因的母亲（COC-）在心理困扰和言语理解的标准化测量指标上进行比较。对母亲进行访谈以确定其药物使用程度。COC+组母亲报告在孕期使用酒精、大麻和烟草的比例是对照组母亲的两到三倍，且报告更早开始使用大麻。COC+组女性更有可能承认人际困难，并报告恐惧焦虑和偏执观念症状。COC+组在表明个人能力不足、恐惧焦虑和偏执的分量表上临床得分也更高。可卡因与酒精或大麻联合使用，是精神病性、敌意和困扰症状总数的最佳预测因素。
