Crawford H J, Harrison D W, Kapelis L
Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061, USA.
Int J Neurosci. 1995 May;82(1-2):11-23. doi: 10.3109/00207459508994286.
Effects of hypnotic level, affect valence and cerebral asymmetry on reaction time (RT) in the discrimination of Ekman and Friesen's (1978) stimuli of angry and happy faces were studied in counterbalanced conditions of waking and hypnosis. Assessed previously on two hypnotic susceptibility scales [Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility; Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form C (SHSSC)], non-depressed subjects were 16 low (0-4 SHSSC) and 17 highly (10-12 SHSSC) hypnotizable, right-handed college students. Subjects were required to identify affects of faces, presented tachistoscopically to left (LVF) or right (RVF) visual fields, by using a forced-choice RT paradigm. Highs were significantly faster than lows in angry and happy affect recognition. Hypnosis had no significant effects. For highs only, angry emotional valence was identified faster when presented to the right hemisphere (LVF), but there were no significant hemispheric effects for happy emotional valence. For lows there were no hemispheric differences. Gender was a nonsignificant factor. Significant correlations showed that faster reaction times to angry and happy stimuli, in both LVF and RVF in waking and hypnosis, were obtained by subjects who reported more deeply absorbed and extremely focused and sustained attention on the Tellegen (1982) Absorption Scale and a subscale of the Differential Attentional Processes Inventory (Grumbles & Crawford, 1981). Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (Marks, 1973) and Affect Intensity Measure (Larsen, 1985), in general, did not correlate with RTs. The potential role of the fronto-limbic attentional system in the recognition of external visual sensory affect is discussed.
在清醒和催眠的平衡条件下，研究了催眠水平、情感效价和大脑不对称性对辨别埃克曼和弗里森（1978）愤怒和快乐面孔刺激时反应时间（RT）的影响。此前在两个催眠易感性量表[哈佛催眠易感性团体量表；斯坦福催眠易感性量表C型（SHSSC）]上进行评估，16名非抑郁受试者为低催眠易感性（0 - 4 SHSSC），17名高催眠易感性（10 - 12 SHSSC）的右利手大学生。受试者被要求使用强制选择RT范式，识别以速示器呈现给左（LVF）或右（RVF）视野的面孔情感。在愤怒和快乐情感识别方面，高催眠易感性者比低催眠易感性者显著更快。催眠没有显著影响。仅对于高催眠易感性者，愤怒情绪效价呈现给右半球（LVF）时识别更快，但快乐情绪效价没有显著的半球效应。对于低催眠易感性者，没有半球差异。性别是一个不显著的因素。显著相关性表明，在清醒和催眠状态下，无论是LVF还是RVF，对愤怒和快乐刺激反应更快的受试者，在特根（1982）的专注量表和差异注意过程量表（格兰布尔斯和克劳福德，1981）的一个子量表上，报告有更深的沉浸感以及极其专注和持续的注意力。一般而言，视觉意象生动性问卷（马克斯，1973）和情感强度量表（拉森，1985）与反应时间没有相关性。讨论了前额叶 - 边缘注意系统在识别外部视觉感官情感中的潜在作用。
