Puck T T, Harvey W F
Eleanor Roosevelt Institute for Cancer Research, Denver, CO 80206-1210, USA.
Mutat Res. 1995 Jul;329(2):173-81. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00028-h.
Application of conventional in vitro mutagenesis testing has so far failed to result in marked reduction of the total incidence of cancer. At least part of the reason may lie in the frequent use of a cell target too small to yield adequate sensitivity, and in failure to take into account the effects of cell killing in the assessment of mutagenic action. A single theoretical analysis fits the results of experimental data on gamma-irradiation applied to single marker gene testing in bacteria and to cytogenetic analysis of irradiated mammalian cells, and permits determination of the mean mutagenic dose, DoM, without complication due to cell killing. Cytogenetic monitoring of human lymphocytes which can detect mutagenic effects of gamma-radiation down to doses of < 0.1 Gy (10 rad) will also furnish an estimate of repair effectiveness at these low levels and may well be a useful tool in a program for prevention of cancer and other genetic disease.
迄今为止，传统的体外诱变测试应用未能显著降低癌症的总发病率。至少部分原因可能在于频繁使用的细胞靶点过小，无法产生足够的敏感性，以及在评估诱变作用时未能考虑细胞杀伤的影响。一个单一的理论分析符合应用于细菌单标记基因测试和辐照哺乳动物细胞的细胞遗传学分析的γ射线照射实验数据结果，并允许确定平均诱变剂量DoM，而不会因细胞杀伤而产生并发症。对人类淋巴细胞的细胞遗传学监测可以检测低至<0.1 Gy（10拉德）剂量的γ射线的诱变作用，也将提供这些低水平修复有效性的估计，并且很可能成为预防癌症和其他遗传疾病计划中的有用工具。
