Wechsler H, Dowdall G W, Davenport A, Castillo S
Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1995 Jul;85(7):921-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.7.921.
This study examines the individual correlates of college student binge drinking.
Questionnaires were completed by a representative national sample (n = 17,592) of students on 140 campuses in 1993. Binge drinking was defined as five or more drinks per episode for men and as four or more drinks per episode for women.
Overall, 44% of the students (50% of the men and 39% of the women) binged. While demographic factors such as sex and race were significantly related to binge drinking, prior binging in high school was crucial, suggesting that for many students, binge drinking begins before college. The strongest predictors of college binge drinking were residence in a fraternity or sorority, adoption of a party-centered life-style, and engagement in other risky behaviors.
Interventions must be targeted at high school binge drinking as well as at several characteristics of college life--most notably fraternity residence. Legal drinking age fails to predict binge drinking, raising questions about the effectiveness of the legal minimum drinking age of 21 in college alcohol policies.
本研究探讨了大学生酗酒行为的个体相关因素。
1993年，来自140所校园的具有全国代表性的学生样本（n = 17592）完成了问卷调查。酗酒被定义为男性每次饮酒5杯及以上，女性每次饮酒4杯及以上。
总体而言，44%的学生（50%的男性和39%的女性）有酗酒行为。虽然性别和种族等人口统计学因素与酗酒显著相关，但高中阶段之前的酗酒经历至关重要，这表明对许多学生来说，酗酒行为在进入大学之前就已开始。大学生酗酒行为最强的预测因素是加入兄弟会或姐妹会、采取以派对为中心的生活方式以及参与其他危险行为。
干预措施必须针对高中阶段的酗酒行为以及大学生活的几个特点——最显著的是住在兄弟会宿舍。法定饮酒年龄并不能预测酗酒行为，这引发了对大学酒精政策中法定最低饮酒年龄21岁有效性的质疑。
