Fuchs F D, Moreira L B, Moraes R S, Bredemeier M, Cardozo S C
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre-UFRGS.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 1994 Dec;63(6):473-9.
To evaluate the contemporaneous prevalence of hypertension in Porto Alegre, RS, and its association with biological, socioeconomic and environmental factors.
It was done an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design, of a representative sample of the adults of the urban region. The study was planned with a power to describe the main estimates with 0.5% confidence limits of +/- 2%. One thousand and ninety one individuals, selected at random in conglomerates and in a multiple stage process, were interviewed. The data were obtained in the domiciles through standardized questionnaires and physical examination.
The prevalence of hypertension, defined by blood pressure (BP) > or = 160/95 mmHg, was 12.6% (CI = 10.6 to 14.6). Considering as hypertensives the individuals with BP < 160/95 mmHg under drug treatment, the prevalence increased to 19.2% (CI = 16.9 to 21.5). The corresponding figures for the 140/90 mmHg criteria were 25.8% (CI = 23.2 to 28.4) and 29.8% (CI = 27.1 to 32.5). Among those using anti-hypertensive drugs (11%), 58.9 had BP < 160/95 mmHg and 35.5% < 140/90 mmHg; 57.7% of the hypertensives (160/95 criteria) were aware of diagnosis; 28% had body mass index above 27kg/m2, 15.5% consumed more than 30g per day of ethanol, 35.1% were smokers, and 17.8% ex-smokers. The prevalence increased with age and was higher in individuals with obesity, strong family history of hypertension, low education and in those which abused from alcoholic beverages. In a logistic regression model, these putative risk factors showed to be independent of others.
The contemporaneous prevalence of hypertension in Porto Alegre demonstrates that the prevalence rates have not decreased in the last 15 years. It was also shown an inadequate BP control in almost 50% of those under drug treatment, and finally, the association of hypertension with well-known risk factors.
评估巴西里约格兰德州阿雷格里港高血压的同期患病率及其与生物学、社会经济和环境因素的关联。
采用横断面设计进行观察性分析研究，以城市地区成年人的代表性样本为研究对象。该研究计划的功效是描述主要估计值，置信限为±2%，置信度为0.5%。通过整群抽样和多阶段抽样随机选取1091名个体进行访谈。通过标准化问卷和体格检查在其住所获取数据。
血压（BP）≥160/95 mmHg定义的高血压患病率为12.6%（CI = 10.6至14.6）。将接受药物治疗且血压<160/95 mmHg的个体视为高血压患者，患病率增至19.2%（CI = 16.9至21.5）。140/90 mmHg标准对应的患病率分别为25.8%（CI = 23.2至28.4）和29.8%（CI = 27.1至32.5）。在服用抗高血压药物的人群中（11%），58.9%的人的血压<160/95 mmHg，35.5%的人血压<140/90 mmHg；57.7%的高血压患者（采用160/95标准）知晓自己的诊断；28%的人体重指数高于27kg/m2，15.5%的人每天乙醇摄入量超过30g，35.1%的人吸烟，17.8%的人已戒烟。患病率随年龄增长而升高，在肥胖者、有高血压家族病史者、低教育程度者以及酗酒者中更高。在逻辑回归模型中，这些假定的危险因素显示与其他因素无关。
阿雷格里港高血压的同期患病率表明，过去15年患病率并未下降。研究还表明，近50%接受药物治疗的患者血压控制不佳，最后，高血压与已知危险因素相关。
