Wilens T E, Biederman J, Kiely K, Bredin E, Spencer T J
Pediatric Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995 Jun;34(6):779-85. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199506000-00019.
Despite the prevalence of nonalcohol substance abuse disorders, few data are available on the high-risk children of parents with these disorders. To this end as a preliminary study, children of opioid-dependent parents were assessed on measures of emotional and behavioral problems.
Child Behavior Checklist data from 15 girls and 29 boys (mean age 10.4 years) from 27 families of parents receiving treatment in a methadone maintenance clinic were compared with matched data from referred children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder plus comorbid psychiatric disorders ("comorbid ADHD children") and medically referred children without ADHD ("controls").
The children of opioid-dependent parents had significantly poorer competency scores, and higher scores on both Internalizing and Externalizing subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist, compared with controls (p values < .01), but not compared with comorbid ADHD children. Twenty-four children (55%) of opioid-dependent parents had elevated subscale scores indicative of significant psychopathology.
These pilot data seem to indicate that the 4- to 18-year-old children of parents with opioid dependence have high rates of psychopathology and significant dysfunction and suggest the need for further controlled studies in this population.
尽管非酒精物质滥用障碍普遍存在，但关于患有这些障碍的父母的高危子女的数据却很少。为此，作为一项初步研究，对阿片类药物依赖父母的子女进行了情绪和行为问题测量评估。
将来自27个家庭（父母在美沙酮维持治疗诊所接受治疗）的15名女孩和29名男孩（平均年龄10.4岁）的儿童行为清单数据，与转诊的患有注意力缺陷多动障碍合并精神疾病的儿童（“合并多动症儿童”）和无多动症的医学转诊儿童（“对照组”）的匹配数据进行比较。
与对照组相比，阿片类药物依赖父母的子女在儿童行为清单的能力得分显著更低，在内化和外化子量表上得分更高（p值<0.01），但与合并多动症儿童相比则不然。24名（55%）阿片类药物依赖父母的子女的子量表得分升高，表明存在明显的精神病理学问题。
这些初步数据似乎表明，父母患有阿片类药物依赖的4至18岁儿童精神病理学发生率高且功能严重失调，并表明需要对该人群进行进一步的对照研究。
