Brownell K D, Cohen L R
Department of Psychology, Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Behav Med. 1995 Winter;20(4):149-54. doi: 10.1080/08964289.1995.9933731.
In recent government reports, scientists have highlighted the link between diet and health and have concluded that dietary changes could reduce risks for some major chronic illnesses (ie, cancer and cardiovascular disease). As a result, the feasibility of lasting dietary change has become a central concern. Despite mixed findings from dietary adherence studies, there is evidence that meaningful dietary modification and adherence are possible, although not easily accomplished. Psychological, cultural, environmental, and behavioral factors exert an influence on whether individuals try to change their eating habits. Given the complex interaction between these factors, it is not surprising that education alone rarely produces lasting change. To develop comprehensive approaches to dietary management, practitioners must integrate theoretical and empirical information across a number of fields. In addition to focusing on individual behavior change, the authors suggest, those concerned with the nation's health should give serious consideration to the possibility of changes at the policy level.
在最近的政府报告中，科学家们强调了饮食与健康之间的联系，并得出结论：饮食改变可以降低某些主要慢性病（如癌症和心血管疾病）的风险。因此，持久饮食改变的可行性已成为核心关注点。尽管饮食依从性研究结果不一，但有证据表明，有意义的饮食调整和依从是可能的，尽管并非易事。心理、文化、环境和行为因素会影响个体是否尝试改变饮食习惯。鉴于这些因素之间的复杂相互作用，仅靠教育很少能产生持久改变也就不足为奇了。为了制定全面的饮食管理方法，从业者必须整合多个领域的理论和实证信息。作者建议，除了关注个体行为改变外，关注国家健康的人还应认真考虑政策层面变革的可能性。
