Louhiala P J, Jaakkola N, Ruotsalainen R, Jaakkola J J
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Am J Public Health. 1995 Aug;85(8 Pt 1):1109-12. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.8_pt_1.1109.
The relationship between respiratory infectious diseases and form of day care was assessed in a retrospective cohort study of 2568 randomly selected children aged 1 through 7 years in Espoo, Finland. Day-care center children had an increased risk for the common cold, acute otitis media, and pneumonia. The risk concentrated in 1-year-old children, for whom the adjusted relative risks (incidence density ratios) for the common cold, otitis media, and pneumonia were 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43, 2.01), 1.99 (95% CI = 1.57, 2.52), and 9.69 (95% CI = 2.31, 40.55), respectively. Among 1-year-old children, the proportion of infections attributable to care at day-care centers were 41% (95% CI = 30, 50) for colds, 50% (95% CI = 36, 60) for otitis media, and 85% (95% CI = 57, 98) for pneumonia. The results provide evidence that care in day-care centers is a determinant of acute respiratory infections in children under 2, whereas family day care does not essentially increase risk.
在芬兰埃斯波对2568名随机选取的1至7岁儿童进行的一项回顾性队列研究中，评估了呼吸道传染病与日托形式之间的关系。日托中心的儿童患普通感冒、急性中耳炎和肺炎的风险增加。风险集中在1岁儿童中，1岁儿童患普通感冒、中耳炎和肺炎的调整后相对风险（发病率密度比）分别为1.69（95%置信区间[CI]=1.43, 2.01）、1.99（95%CI=1.57, 2.52）和9.69（95%CI=2.31, 40.55）。在1岁儿童中，日托中心护理导致的感染比例在感冒中为41%（95%CI=30, 50），在中耳炎中为50%（95%CI=36, 60），在肺炎中为85%（95%CI=57, 98）。结果表明，日托中心的护理是2岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的一个决定因素，而家庭日托基本上不会增加风险。
