Traill Z, Richards M A, Moore N R
Department of Radiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995 Mar(312):76-88.
Traditional imaging methods used in the detection and evaluation of metastatic bone disease lack either sensitivity (plain radiography) or specificity (bone scintigraphy). Magnetic resonance imaging now has been shown to be the most sensitive imaging technique available for the detection of bone metastases. On T1-weighted images bone metastases tend to stand out as focal or diffuse hypointense (dark) lesions against a background of higher-signal-intensity marrow. Use of fat suppression techniques may further increase the conspicuity of metastatic lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging is unlikely to replace bone scintigraphy as an initial screening technique for bone metastases because scintigraphy can image the whole skeleton quickly and at relatively low cost. Magnetic resonance is particularly useful for imaging the spine because vertebral bodies, paraspinal, and intraspinal soft tissues can be evaluated, providing a noninvasive method of detection of spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance imaging also is useful in discriminating between benign and malignant vertebral collapse.
用于检测和评估转移性骨病的传统成像方法要么缺乏敏感性（X线平片），要么缺乏特异性（骨闪烁显像）。现已证明，磁共振成像（MRI）是检测骨转移最敏感的成像技术。在T1加权图像上，相对于高信号强度的骨髓背景，骨转移瘤往往表现为局灶性或弥漫性低信号（暗）病变。使用脂肪抑制技术可能会进一步提高转移瘤的显影效果。磁共振成像不太可能取代骨闪烁显像作为骨转移的初始筛查技术，因为闪烁显像能够快速且以相对较低的成本对整个骨骼进行成像。磁共振成像对于脊柱成像特别有用，因为可以评估椎体、椎旁和椎管内软组织，提供一种检测脊髓压迫的非侵入性方法。磁共振成像在鉴别良性和恶性椎体塌陷方面也很有用。
