Lioy P J
Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1179, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Apr;103 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):35-43. doi: 10.1289/ehp.95103s335.
The general methods used to complete measurements of human exposures are identified and illustrations are provided for the cases of indirect and direct methods used for exposure analysis. The application of the techniques for external measurements of exposure, microenvironmental and personal monitors, are placed in the context of the need to test hypotheses concerning the biological effects of concern. The linkage of external measurements to measurements made in biological fluids is explored for a suite of contaminants. This information is placed in the context of the scientific framework used to conduct exposure assessment. Examples are taken from research on volatile organics and for a large scale problem: hazardous waste sites.
确定了用于完成人体暴露测量的一般方法，并针对用于暴露分析的间接和直接方法的情况提供了示例说明。将暴露外部测量技术（微环境和个人监测器）的应用置于检验有关所关注生物效应假设的需求背景之中。针对一系列污染物，探讨了外部测量与生物流体测量之间的联系。这些信息置于用于进行暴露评估的科学框架背景之中。示例取自关于挥发性有机物的研究以及一个大规模问题：危险废物场地。
