Freeman N C, Waldman J M, Lioy P J
Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Jul;1(3):327-38.
As part of the Total Human Environmental Exposure Study (THEES), a self-administered questionnaire was developed to identify sources of exposure to BaP and PM-10. Thirteen participants in ten households completed a daily personal activity log for fourteen consecutive days during January 1988. Validation of the instrument was obtained in three ways: internal questionnaire checks, comparison with pre-sampling estimates of time/activity patterns, and comparison with earlier studies. The log was found to be easy for participants to use and reliable in most of its questions. Effectiveness of the log in identifying sources of exposure was enhanced by having most responses in the form of continuous variables. While most of personal exposure to both BaP and PM-10 could be attributed to outdoor sources, a variety of household sources and personal activities were also identified. Higher levels of PM-10 were associated with use of unvented kerosene space heaters and coalstoves, stove-top cooking, ETS, and house cleaning. Personal exposure to BaP was primarily associated with ambient levels, and secondarily with ETS, coalstove use, and cooking activities.
作为全人类环境暴露研究（THEES）的一部分，开发了一份自填式问卷，以确定接触苯并[a]芘（BaP）和可吸入颗粒物（PM-10）的来源。1988年1月，来自10个家庭的13名参与者连续14天完成了每日个人活动日志。该工具通过三种方式进行验证：问卷内部检查、与采样前时间/活动模式估计值进行比较以及与早期研究进行比较。发现该日志对参与者来说易于使用，并且在大多数问题上是可靠的。通过以连续变量的形式给出大多数回答，提高了该日志在识别暴露源方面的有效性。虽然个人接触BaP和PM-10大多可归因于室外来源，但也确定了各种家庭来源和个人活动。较高水平的PM-10与使用无通风口的煤油取暖器和煤炉、炉顶烹饪、二手烟以及房屋清洁有关。个人接触BaP主要与环境水平有关，其次与二手烟、煤炉使用和烹饪活动有关。
