Perry H O, Su W P
Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Semin Dermatol. 1995 Jun;14(2):145-51. doi: 10.1016/s1085-5629(05)80011-2.
Nine cases of Olmsted syndrome have been reported in the world literature. In this syndrome, keratoderma usually starts during infancy on the palms and soles when the baby starts to use the feet for walking and the hands for grasping. Within weeks or months, there is progressive spread of solid, symmetrical, thick hyperkeratotic keratoderma to both palms and soles, surrounded by erythematous margins. Contraction of fingers and deep fissuring of the feet are common complications. Symmetrical, yellow-brown hyperkeratotic plaques and papules are also observed around body orifices such as the mouth, nares, inguinal region, and perianal and gluteal areas. Other clinical manifestations have been reported, including diffuse alopecia, thin nails, leukokeratosis of the oral mucosa, onychodystrophy, hyperkeratotic linear streaks, exaggerated keratosis pilaris, and large verrucous plaques in the axillae. In the differential diagnosis, other keratoderma and hyperkeratotic syndromes should be considered.
世界文献中已报道了9例奥姆斯特德综合征。在该综合征中，角化病通常在婴儿期开始，当婴儿开始用脚行走和用手抓握时，首先出现在手掌和脚底。在数周或数月内，坚实、对称、增厚的角化过度性角化病会逐渐蔓延至双手掌和双足底，周围有红斑边缘。手指挛缩和足部深部皲裂是常见的并发症。在身体孔窍周围，如口腔、鼻孔、腹股沟区、肛周和臀区，也可观察到对称的黄褐色角化过度性斑块和丘疹。还报道了其他临床表现，包括弥漫性脱发、指甲变薄、口腔黏膜白色角化病、甲营养不良、角化过度性线状条纹、毛发角化病加重以及腋窝处大的疣状斑块。在鉴别诊断中，应考虑其他角化病和角化过度综合征。
