Berner O
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1978;22(1):46-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1978.tb01279.x.
Halothane and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations were measured in operating theatres, in the areas corresponding to theinhalation zones of the anaesthetists and operating nurses. The measurements were performed in an operating theatre with a non-recirculating air exchange rate of 20/h. This was performed partly in model experiments and partly during the administration of anaesthesia by intubation. In the model experiments. the measurements were taken both with and without a specially constructed scavenging system. During anaesthesia, the measurements were taken exclusively with the scavenging system, although well-defined leakages were fitted into the otherwise gas-tight anaesthetic system. The results were supplemented by smoke experiments which showed the air distribution patterns. The investigation showed that the gases were concentrated over and around the operating table. Activities during surgery diluted this concentration. Furthermore, it was shown that leakage in the anaesthetic system significantly influences the achieving of a low gas-air mixture. Halothane concentrations in the inhalation zone of the anaesthetist and operating nurse can be reduced to 0.02 and 0.01 p.p.m. respectively, if the anaesthetic system is completely gas-tight.
在手术室中，对麻醉师和手术护士吸入区域相应位置的氟烷和一氧化二氮（N₂O）浓度进行了测量。测量在一个空气交换率为20次/小时的非循环手术室中进行。部分测量是在模型实验中进行的，部分是在插管麻醉给药过程中进行的。在模型实验中，在有和没有专门构建的清除系统的情况下都进行了测量。在麻醉期间，尽管在原本气密的麻醉系统中设置了明确的泄漏处，但仅在有清除系统的情况下进行了测量。通过烟雾实验对结果进行了补充，烟雾实验显示了空气分布模式。调查表明，气体在手术台上方和周围聚集。手术过程中的活动会稀释这种浓度。此外，研究表明麻醉系统中的泄漏会显著影响低气体 - 空气混合物的形成。如果麻醉系统完全气密，麻醉师和手术护士吸入区域的氟烷浓度可分别降至0.02和0.01 ppm。
