Korttila K, Pfäffli P, Linnoila M, Blomgren E, Hänninen H, Häkkinen S
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1978;22(1):33-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1978.tb01277.x.
Concentrations of halothane and nitrous oxide were assayed by gas chromatography throughout a working day in three operating theatres and in the end-tidal air of 19 nurses 15 and 60 min after leaving the theatres. Perceptual, psychomotor and driving skills were measured in these nurses and in 11 younger nurses working in the wards of the same hospital. A complicated psychomotor test battery and a driving simulator were used. End-tidal air concentrations of halothane and nitrous oxide were positively correlated with the exposure level of these gases in the operating theatres. Some of the operating room nurses had greater amounts of halothane in their end-tidal air (average 15 to 10 ppm) than student volunteers 4.5 h after 3.5 min of general anaesthesia with a combination of halothanenitrous-oxide oxygen (10 ppm halothane). These volunteers had worse psychomotor and driving performances when measured than controls who had not been anaesthetized. No correlations were found between the concentrations of halothane or nitrous oxide in end-tidal air and psychomotor or driving performance. Despite their higher age and exposure to the operating room environment, the driving skills of the operating room nurses were similar to those of the ward nurses. The results suggest that tolerance to anaesthetic gases develops among operating room personnel. No impairment of driving skills can be expected after daily exposure to halothan and nitrous oxide among long-term employees in operating theatres.
在三个手术室的一个工作日期间,以及19名护士离开手术室15分钟和60分钟后的呼气末气体中,通过气相色谱法测定了氟烷和氧化亚氮的浓度。对这些护士以及在同一家医院病房工作的11名年轻护士进行了感知、心理运动和驾驶技能测试。使用了一套复杂的心理运动测试组合和一个驾驶模拟器。呼气末气体中氟烷和氧化亚氮的浓度与手术室中这些气体的暴露水平呈正相关。一些手术室护士呼气末气体中的氟烷含量(平均15至10 ppm)高于接受氟烷-氧化亚氮-氧气混合全身麻醉3.5分钟后4.5小时的学生志愿者(10 ppm氟烷)。与未接受麻醉的对照组相比,这些志愿者在测试时的心理运动和驾驶表现更差。呼气末气体中氟烷或氧化亚氮的浓度与心理运动或驾驶表现之间未发现相关性。尽管手术室护士年龄较大且暴露于手术室环境中,但他们的驾驶技能与病房护士相似。结果表明手术室人员对麻醉气体产生了耐受性。对于手术室长期工作人员而言,每日接触氟烷和氧化亚氮后,预计驾驶技能不会受到损害。