Fergusson D M, Lynskey M T, Horwood L J
Christchurch Health and Development Study, Christchurch School of Medicine, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand.
Addiction. 1994 Aug;89(8):1007-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03360.x.
This paper examines the relationships between age at first exposure to alcohol and four measures of drinking behaviour (frequency of drinking, typical and most amount consumed, alcohol-related problems) at age 15 years in a birth cohort of New Zealand children. There were small but consistent correlations (r = -0.10 to -0.16) between self-reported age at first exposure to alcohol and the four measures of alcohol consumption. These associations remained statistically significant (p < 0.05) after control for a wide range of potentially confounding covariates including measures of family socio-demographic background, parental alcohol use and attitudes to alcohol use and early childhood behaviour. After control for these factors, children who had been introduced to alcohol before the age of 6 years were 1.9 to 2.4 times more likely to report frequent, heavy or problem drinking at age 15 years than children who did not drink alcohol before the age of 13. It is concluded that young people reared in home environments that have permissive attitudes to alcohol use and who are introduced to alcohol at an earlier age may be more vulnerable to alcohol-related problems in adolescence.
本文研究了新西兰儿童出生队列中首次接触酒精的年龄与15岁时饮酒行为的四项指标（饮酒频率、典型饮酒量和最大饮酒量、与酒精相关的问题）之间的关系。自我报告的首次接触酒精的年龄与四项饮酒量指标之间存在微小但一致的相关性（r = -0.10至-0.16）。在控制了一系列潜在的混杂协变量后，这些关联仍具有统计学意义（p < 0.05），这些协变量包括家庭社会人口背景指标、父母饮酒情况及对饮酒的态度以及幼儿期行为。在控制了这些因素后，6岁前接触酒精的儿童在15岁时报告频繁、大量饮酒或存在饮酒问题的可能性是13岁前不饮酒儿童的1.9至2.4倍。研究得出结论，在对饮酒持宽容态度的家庭环境中成长且较早接触酒精的年轻人在青春期可能更容易出现与酒精相关的问题。
