Stern N J, Clavero M R, Bailey J S, Cox N A, Robach M C
Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, Richard Russell Agricultural Research Center, USDA, Athens, Georgia 30604-5677, USA.
Poult Sci. 1995 Jun;74(6):937-41. doi: 10.3382/ps.0740937.
Colonization of the ceca and contamination on carcasses of chickens by Campylobacter spp. was investigated. Samples were taken on the farm and after transport and holding. In the first set of experiments, 20 chickens, obtained from each of 10 broiler farms, were collected from houses containing 6- to 7-wk-old birds. Half of the birds were slaughtered at the farm; the other half were transported (10 birds per chicken coop) to a holding facility and killed within 16 to 18 h. The levels of Campylobacter spp. on the carcass and in the ceca were assessed. Ceca from birds in 9 of the 10 farms sampled were positive for Campylobacter spp. Colonization levels ranged from 10(4.11) to 10(7.28) cfu Campylobacter spp./g cecal matter, except on one farm, where the organism was not isolated. The mean count on the farm was 10(5.44) cfu Campylobacter spp./g cecal material, and after transport the mean was 10(6.15) cfu/g. Significant increases (P = .0085) in levels of Campylobacter spp. on the chicken carcasses occurred after transport. Levels of Campylobacter spp. enumerated from unprocessed chicken carcasses after transport averaged 10(7.11) per carcass, up from an average of 10(3.66) cfu per carcass of the farm. To further verify this observation, field trials were conducted to assess levels on carcasses before and after commercial transport. Employing five farms and 200 6-wk-old chickens, the above observations were confirmed: prior to transport 12.1% of the chickens harbored an average of 10(2.71) cfu per carcass, but after transport 56.0% of the chicken exteriors harbored an average of 10(5.15) cfu per carcass. The results of this study indicate that transport and holding prior to processing contributes to the Campylobacter spp. of > 10(4) cfu normally found on processed poultry carcasses.
对弯曲杆菌属在鸡盲肠的定植情况以及鸡胴体的污染情况进行了调查。在农场以及运输和暂存之后采集样本。在第一组实验中，从10个肉鸡养殖场中每个场获取20只鸡，这些鸡来自饲养6至7周龄鸡的鸡舍。一半的鸡在农场屠宰；另一半（每个鸡笼10只）被运输到一个暂存设施，并在16至18小时内宰杀。评估了鸡胴体和盲肠中弯曲杆菌属的含量。在采样的10个农场中的9个农场，鸡的盲肠弯曲杆菌属呈阳性。定植水平范围为每克盲肠内容物含10(4.11)至10(7.28) 个弯曲杆菌属菌落形成单位（cfu），但有一个农场未分离到该菌。农场的平均计数为每克盲肠物质含10(5.44) 个弯曲杆菌属cfu，运输后平均为10(6.15) cfu/g。运输后鸡胴体上弯曲杆菌属的含量显著增加（P = 0.0085）。运输后未经处理的鸡胴体上弯曲杆菌属的计数平均每具胴体为10(7.11)，高于农场每具胴体平均10(3.66) cfu。为了进一步验证这一观察结果，进行了田间试验以评估商业运输前后鸡胴体上的含量。采用5个农场和200只6周龄的鸡，上述观察结果得到证实：运输前12.1%的鸡每具胴体平均含10(2.71) cfu，但运输后56.0%的鸡体外每具胴体平均含10(5.15) cfu。本研究结果表明，加工前的运输和暂存会导致加工后的家禽胴体上通常出现大于10(4) cfu的弯曲杆菌属。
