Wallace J L, Tigley A W
Intestinal Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Jun;9(3):227-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00377.x.
A role for prostaglandins in maintaining mucosal integrity in the gastrointestinal tract is well documented. While traditionally the effects of prostaglandins on mucosal blood flow and epithelial function have been regarded as critical in the mechanism of action of these fatty acids, recent evidence that mucosal ulceration is almost invariably associated with mucosal inflammation has caused a re-evaluation of the role of prostaglandins in mucosal defence. This review focuses on the ability of prostaglandins to exert anti-inflammatory, and therefore anti-ulcerogenic, effects in the gastrointestinal tract. These effects of prostaglandins are attributable to their ability to suppress the release of inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen metabolites from a number of immunocytes, stromal cells and inflammatory cells. There is emerging evidence for cooperative interactions between prostaglandins and nitric oxide in maintaining mucosal integrity. Recent work on the inducible isoform of prostaglandin synthase as it pertains to mucosal defence is also reviewed.
前列腺素在维持胃肠道黏膜完整性方面的作用已有充分文献记载。传统上，前列腺素对黏膜血流和上皮功能的影响被认为是这些脂肪酸作用机制的关键，但最近有证据表明，黏膜溃疡几乎总是与黏膜炎症相关，这促使人们重新评估前列腺素在黏膜防御中的作用。本综述重点关注前列腺素在胃肠道发挥抗炎及因此具有抗溃疡作用的能力。前列腺素的这些作用归因于它们能够抑制多种免疫细胞、基质细胞和炎症细胞释放炎症介质和活性氧代谢产物。越来越多的证据表明，前列腺素与一氧化氮在维持黏膜完整性方面存在协同相互作用。本文还综述了与黏膜防御相关的前列腺素合酶诱导型同工酶的最新研究进展。
