Roy M A, Neale M C, Kendler K S
Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard, Beauport, Province de Québec, Canada.
Br J Psychiatry. 1995 Jun;166(6):813-20. doi: 10.1192/bjp.166.6.813.
Previous studies on self-esteem have focused exclusively on its psychosocial determinants. The goal of the present study is to clarify genetic v. environmental determinants of self-esteem.
Participants were Caucasian women sampled from the Virginia Twin Register: 363 pairs of MZ and 238 pairs of DZ twins were available from the first wave of the study, and 430 pairs of MZ and 308 pairs of DZ twins from the second. Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale.
Using univariate twin analyses of self-esteem and a repeated measurement twin model, we found that self-esteem is a moderately heritable trait (heritability = 52% in the repeated measurement model); environmental influences are also very important, and are probably mostly not shared by members of a twin pair.
Aetiological models of self-esteem which examine only psychosocial factors are incomplete; genetic factors need to be integrated.
以往关于自尊的研究仅聚焦于其社会心理决定因素。本研究的目的是阐明自尊的遗传与环境决定因素。
参与者是从弗吉尼亚双胞胎登记处抽取的白人女性：研究的第一波中有363对同卵双胞胎和238对异卵双胞胎，第二波中有430对同卵双胞胎和308对异卵双胞胎。使用罗森伯格自尊量表评估自尊。
通过对自尊进行单变量双胞胎分析以及重复测量双胞胎模型，我们发现自尊是一种具有中等遗传性的特质（在重复测量模型中遗传率 = 52%）；环境影响也非常重要，而且可能大多不是双胞胎成员所共有的。
仅考察社会心理因素的自尊病因模型是不完整的；需要纳入遗传因素。
