Northouse L L, Dorris G, Charron-Moore C
College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 1995 Jul;41(1):69-76. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00302-a.
The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect the adjustment of women and their husbands to recurrent breast cancer and to examine the mutual effect that partners have on one another. An exploratory study was designed to determine the relationship between four predictor variables (support, uncertainty, symptom distress, hopelessness) and women's and husbands' adjustments. The sample consisted of 155 subjects; 81 women, who had a first recurrence of breast cancer, and 74 husbands. Multiple standardized instruments with established reliability and validity were used to measure the study variables. The independent variables were measured with the Social Support Questionnaire, the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, McCorkle Symptom Distress Scale and the Beck Hopelessness Scale. The dependent variable, psychosocial adjustment, was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale. The results indicated that the independent variables accounted for 43% of the variance in women's distress and 32% of the variance in husbands' distress; they also explained 66% of the variance in women's role adjustment problems and 57% of the variance in husbands' role problems. Symptom distress and hopelessness accounted for the most variance in women's and husbands' levels of adjustment. A significant and positive relationship was found between women's and husbands' adjustment scores, indicating that partners have a mutual influence on one another. The findings suggest that there are multiple factors that influence couples' adjustment to recurrent breast cancer, and that these factors need to be taken into consideration when planning care for women and their partners.
本研究的目的是确定影响女性及其丈夫对复发性乳腺癌适应情况的因素，并考察伴侣之间的相互影响。一项探索性研究旨在确定四个预测变量（支持、不确定性、症状困扰、绝望感）与女性及其丈夫的适应情况之间的关系。样本包括155名受试者；81名首次复发乳腺癌的女性和74名丈夫。使用了多种具有既定信效度的标准化工具来测量研究变量。自变量通过社会支持问卷、米谢尔疾病不确定性量表、麦考克尔症状困扰量表和贝克绝望感量表进行测量。因变量心理社会适应情况通过简明症状量表和疾病心理社会适应量表进行测量。结果表明，自变量解释了女性困扰中43%的变异以及丈夫困扰中32%的变异；它们还解释了女性角色适应问题中66%的变异以及丈夫角色问题中57%的变异。症状困扰和绝望感在女性和丈夫的适应水平中占变异比例最大。女性和丈夫的适应得分之间存在显著的正相关关系，表明伴侣之间相互影响。研究结果表明，有多种因素影响夫妻对复发性乳腺癌的适应情况，在为女性及其伴侣制定护理计划时需要考虑这些因素。
