Campbell C A
Department of Sociology, California State University, Long Beach 90840, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 1995 Jul;41(2):197-210. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00322-k.
The focus of prevention of the heterosexual AIDS epidemic in the U.S. has been on women. The role of men in sexual decision making has not been emphasized in AIDS prevention approaches. As a result, the heterosexual epidemic for women continues unabated because of the lack of attention to the behavior of male sex partners. This article describes a profile of male sex partners and emphasizes gender roles and sexuality. Prevention efforts that focus singly on women have been misguided and have actually served to undermine women by making them responsible for HIV risk reduction. Prevention of AIDS among heterosexuals will require an examination of how traditional gender role socialization runs counter to safer sex practices. Control of the epidemic will require a focus on men as individuals responsible for their own health and the health of women.
美国预防异性传播艾滋病疫情的重点一直放在女性身上。在艾滋病预防方法中，男性在性决策中的作用未得到强调。因此，由于对男性性伴侣行为缺乏关注，女性中的异性传播疫情持续不减。本文描述了男性性伴侣的概况，并强调了性别角色和性行为。单纯以女性为重点的预防工作被误导了，实际上是通过让女性对降低感染艾滋病毒风险负责而损害了她们的利益。预防异性传播艾滋病需要审视传统的性别角色社会化如何与更安全的性行为背道而驰。控制疫情需要将重点放在男性身上，他们要对自己的健康以及女性的健康负责。
