Delank K W, Meldau P, Stoll W
HNO-Klinik der Westfälischen Wilhelms Universität Münster.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1995 Jul;74(7):428-31. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997774.
About 15% of all traffic-related personal injuries involve bicycles. In 1989, 67,085 injuries involving bicyclists were registered in West Germany. The city of Münster is a particularly suitable site for studies of bicycle-related injuries because a high percentage of employees and students ride bicycles to work. The severity of bicycle injuries depends on the degree to which the head is traumatized. However, studies concerning trauma to the head in bicycle-related injuries are rare. The risk and the distribution of facial injuries in bicyclists is analyzed within the present study, which covers 78 patients with a total of 88 cranial fractures. The zygomatic and alveolar and orbital regions were most frequently fractured (35%), including 7% blow-out fractures. Thirty-three percent were fractures of the mandibular region, 12% of the bony nose. The soft tissue of the face was injured in 72% of all patients. Middle-aged male patients are more likely to suffer severe bicycle-related injuries. Bicyclists with a significant blood alcohol concentration are more likely to be involved in accidents that are their own fault. The results show that the helmets generally worn are not sufficient to prevent most facial injuries.
所有与交通相关的人身伤害中，约15%涉及自行车。1989年，西德登记了67085起涉及骑自行车者的伤害事件。明斯特市是研究与自行车相关伤害的特别合适地点，因为有很高比例的员工和学生骑自行车上班。自行车伤害的严重程度取决于头部受创伤的程度。然而，关于与自行车相关伤害中头部创伤的研究很少。本研究分析了骑自行车者面部受伤的风险和分布情况，该研究涵盖了78名患者，共有88处颅骨骨折。颧骨、牙槽和眼眶区域骨折最为常见（35%），其中包括7%的爆裂性骨折。33%为下颌区域骨折，12%为鼻骨骨折。72%的患者面部软组织受伤。中年男性患者更易遭受严重的与自行车相关的伤害。血液酒精浓度较高的骑自行车者更有可能发生自己有过错的事故。结果表明，普遍佩戴的头盔不足以预防大多数面部伤害。
