Axelsson A, Eliasson A, Israelsson B
Department of Audiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Ear Hear. 1995 Jun;16(3):245-53. doi: 10.1097/00003446-199506000-00001.
In 1975, the threshold hearing levels (HLs) of 83 Swedish and British pop/rock musicians were examined with pure tone audiometry. At that time we found 13% of the musicians with a hearing loss > 20 dB HL at a high frequency pure tone average (3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz). The aim of the present investigation was to conduct an audiometric follow-up study of these musicians 16 years after the first examination. Fifty-three of the 83 pop/rock musicians were retested in 1991 to 1992. They also filled in a questionnaire concerning occupational noise activities, leisure noise activities, general health problems and subjective symptoms related to loud music exposure. The median pure tone audiogram was within 20 dB HL at all test frequencies. On an individual basis, 63% had normal high high frequency pure tone average scores and another 15% had a very limited high frequency hearing loss (< or = 25 dB HL). It seems surprising that pop/rock musicians after performing for 26 years have such well-preserved hearing. There might be a protective effect by the generally positive attitude from the musicians toward their performance and their audience. Regarding the loud and more or less continuous sound levels over 85 dBA there might also be a protective effect from a continuous contraction of the stapedius muscle.
1975年，采用纯音听力测定法对83名瑞典和英国流行/摇滚音乐家的听阈水平（HLs）进行了检测。当时我们发现，在高频纯音平均听阈（3、4、6和8千赫）方面，13%的音乐家听力损失超过20分贝HL。本次调查的目的是在首次检测16年后对这些音乐家进行听力测定随访研究。1991年至1992年，对83名流行/摇滚音乐家中的53人进行了重新检测。他们还填写了一份关于职业噪声活动、休闲噪声活动、一般健康问题以及与大声接触音乐相关的主观症状的问卷。在所有测试频率下，纯音听力图中位数均在20分贝HL以内。就个体而言，63%的人高频纯音平均得分正常，另有15%的人高频听力损失非常有限（≤25分贝HL）。流行/摇滚音乐家在表演26年后听力仍如此良好，这似乎令人惊讶。音乐家对其表演和观众普遍持有的积极态度可能具有保护作用。对于超过85分贝A的大声且或多或少持续的声级，镫骨肌的持续收缩也可能具有保护作用。
