Blasko D G, Connine C M
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Binghamton 13902-6000.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1993 Mar;19(2):295-308. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.19.2.295.
A cross-modal priming paradigm was used to examine the comprehension of metaphors varying in familiarity and aptness. In Experiments 1 and 2 high-familiar metaphors showed availability of the figurative meaning, but low-familiar (LF) metaphors did not. In Experiment 3, only LF metaphors that had been rated highly apt showed evidence of figurative activation. Experiment 4 showed evidence of figurative activation for most LF and moderate-apt metaphors. The locus of activation was investigated in Experiment 5 in which the individual words of the metaphor (topic and vehicle) served as primes. Neither topic nor vehicle showed evidence of priming the metaphor target, suggesting that activation of the metaphorical target in Experiments 1-4 was not caused by lexical activation of the words within the metaphors, but rather was due to activation of emergent properties of the metaphorical phrase.
采用跨模态启动范式来检验对熟悉度和恰当性各异的隐喻的理解。在实验1和实验2中，高度熟悉的隐喻显示出比喻义的可得性，但低熟悉度（LF）隐喻则不然。在实验3中，只有被评为高度恰当的低熟悉度隐喻显示出比喻激活的证据。实验4显示了大多数低熟悉度和适度恰当的隐喻存在比喻激活的证据。在实验5中对激活位点进行了研究，其中隐喻的各个单词（主题和喻体）作为启动刺激。主题和喻体均未显示出启动隐喻目标的证据，这表明实验1 - 4中隐喻目标的激活不是由隐喻内单词的词汇激活引起的，而是由于隐喻短语的涌现属性的激活。
