Polk M, Kertesz A
Lawson Research Institute, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, St. Joseph's Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Brain Cogn. 1993 May;22(1):98-117. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1993.1027.
Music and language functions were studied in two musicians with degenerative disease. Both patients were tested on a standardized language battery and a series of music tasks. In the first case with left cortical atrophy and primary progressive aphasia, expressive music functions were spared with impaired reception of rhythm. The second case with posterior cortical atrophy, greater on the right, was nonaphasic, had spatial agraphia, a visuopractic deficit, and severe expressive music deficits, but intact rhythm repetition. The aphasic patient showed dissociations between music and language in fluency and content; continuous, organized, although reiterative music production was contrasted with nonfluent language. The nonaphasic patient showed the opposite pattern of deficits; unmusical production with impaired melody and rhythm organization that was contrasted with fluent, intelligible language. The double dissociation between language and music functions supports the existence of independent cognitive systems, one consistent with conventional left lateralization models of language, temporal sequence, and analytic music processing and another with a right lateralization model of implicit music cognition.
对两名患有退行性疾病的音乐家的音乐和语言功能进行了研究。两名患者都接受了标准化语言测试和一系列音乐任务测试。在第一例左侧皮质萎缩和原发性进行性失语的病例中，表达性音乐功能未受影响，但节奏感知受损。第二例右侧后部皮质萎缩更严重的病例，无失语症，有空间失写症、视觉实践缺陷和严重的表达性音乐缺陷，但节奏重复能力完好。失语症患者在流畅性和内容方面表现出音乐与语言的分离；连续、有组织、尽管是反复的音乐创作与不流畅的语言形成对比。非失语症患者表现出相反的缺陷模式；旋律和节奏组织受损的非音乐性创作与流畅、易懂的语言形成对比。语言和音乐功能之间的双重分离支持了独立认知系统的存在，一个与传统的语言、时间序列和分析性音乐处理的左侧化模型一致，另一个与隐性音乐认知的右侧化模型一致。
