Doricchi F, Guariglia C, Paolucci S, Pizzamiglio L
Facoltà di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Italy.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1993 Sep;87(3):105-16. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(93)90117-e.
Horizontal saccades during wakefulness and horizontal rapid eye movements (REMs) during REM sleep were recorded in 6 unilateral brain damaged patients suffering from attentional neglect and 6 unilateral brain damaged control patients. During REM sleep, patients with neglect showed a nearly total suppression of REMs directed away from the side of the lesion; controls had a significantly milder frequency reduction of the same movements. In all patients the frequency reduction of REMs contralateral to the lesion equally affected isolated REMs (i.e., REMs preceded by intervals of oculomotor quiescence longer than 2 sec) and REM bursts (i.e., REMs preceded by intervals shorter than 2 sec). During voluntary inspection in waking, saccades directed ipsilaterally and contralaterally to the lesion were present in both groups of patients, although patients with neglect confined their inspection to the hemispace ipsilateral to the lesion. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for the understanding of the neurophysiological basis of REM sleep oculomotor activity and dream production, as well as for the neurophysiopathological basis of the neglect syndrome. It is proposed that REMs are functionally equivalent to waking reflex orienting saccades generated by a neural network including the relevant modulatory action of the parietal lobes and the superior colliculi.
对6例患有注意力忽视症的单侧脑损伤患者和6例单侧脑损伤对照患者记录了清醒时的水平扫视和快速眼动睡眠（REM）期间的水平快速眼动。在快速眼动睡眠期间，忽视症患者表现出几乎完全抑制了远离损伤侧的快速眼动；对照组相同动作的频率降低明显较轻。在所有患者中，与损伤对侧的快速眼动频率降低同样影响孤立的快速眼动（即，眼动静止间隔超过2秒之前的快速眼动）和快速眼动爆发（即，间隔短于2秒之前的快速眼动）。在清醒时的自愿检查期间，两组患者均出现了指向损伤同侧和对侧的扫视，尽管忽视症患者将其检查局限于损伤同侧的半空间。从其对理解快速眼动睡眠眼动活动和梦产生的神经生理基础以及忽视综合征的神经生理病理基础的影响方面对结果进行了讨论。有人提出，快速眼动在功能上等同于由包括顶叶和上丘的相关调节作用的神经网络产生的清醒反射定向扫视。
