马萨诸塞州社区儿童铅中毒：其与社会人口统计学及住房特征的关联。
Childhood lead poisoning in Massachusetts communities: its association with sociodemographic and housing characteristics.
作者信息
Sargent J D, Brown M J, Freeman J L, Bailey A, Goodman D, Freeman D H
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1995 Apr;85(4):528-34. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.4.528.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between communities' sociodemographic and housing characteristics and incidence of lead poisoning.
METHODS
This was a population-based correlational study of 238,275 Massachusetts children from birth through 4 years of age who were screened for lead poisoning in 1991-1992. A logistic regression model was developed with the community as the unit of analysis, the case identification rate for lead poisoning (newly identified children with venous blood lead > or = 25 micrograms/dL per 1000 children) as the dependent variable, and US census variables as independent variables.
RESULTS
A significant independent relationship with the community case identification rate of lead poisoning was found for seven variables: median per capita income, percentage of housing built before 1950, percentage of the population who were Black, percentage of children screened, and a "poverty index." Rates of iron deficiency and percentage of Hispanics were not associated with the case identification rate of lead poisoning.
CONCLUSIONS
Massachusetts communities' incidence of lead poisoning is correlated with sociodemographic and housing characteristics. In states similar to Massachusetts and without screening data, this model may help target screening programs.
目的
本研究旨在探讨社区社会人口统计学和住房特征与铅中毒发病率之间的关系。
方法
这是一项基于人群的相关性研究，研究对象为1991年至1992年期间在马萨诸塞州接受铅中毒筛查的238,275名出生至4岁的儿童。以社区为分析单位，建立了一个逻辑回归模型，以铅中毒病例识别率（每1000名儿童中新确诊的静脉血铅水平≥25微克/分升的儿童）作为因变量，以美国人口普查变量作为自变量。
结果
发现七个变量与社区铅中毒病例识别率存在显著的独立关系：人均收入中位数、1950年前建造的房屋百分比、黑人人口百分比、接受筛查的儿童百分比以及一个“贫困指数”。缺铁率和西班牙裔人口百分比与铅中毒病例识别率无关。
结论
马萨诸塞州社区的铅中毒发病率与社会人口统计学和住房特征相关。在与马萨诸塞州类似且没有筛查数据的州，该模型可能有助于确定筛查项目的目标。
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