Garg A N, Singh V, Weginwar R G, Sagdeo V N
Department of Chemistry, Nagpur University, India.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1994 Dec;46(3):185-202. doi: 10.1007/BF02789296.
Influence of trace elements in body metabolism and their physiological importance in various diseases have motivated their accurate and quantitative determination in biological tissues and fluids. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) using short and long term irradiation has been employed to determine five minor elements (Cl, K, Na, Mg, P) and 15 trace elements (As, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Rb, Sb, Se, Sc, Sr, and Zn) in cancerous and normal breast tissue from 30 patients of four clinical stages. Several elements show enhancement in cancerous breast tissue. Selenium shows maximum enhancement of 94.7% followed by K (81.6%), Sc (66.7%), Cu (58.2%) Na (48.5%), P (44.4%), and Zn (39.2%). Some elements, such as Fe, Cr, and Mn, are depressed by 30.8, 30.1, and 12.8%, respectively. These elements compete for binding sites in the cell, change its enzymatic activity and exert direct or indirect action on the carcinogenic process accelerating the growth of tumors. This is further evidenced by histopathological examination of cancerous cells showing poor cytological differentiation. An attempt has been made to correlate trace element concentrations of Se, Cu, Zn, Rb, Br, Hg, As, Co, Fe, Cr, and Mn and the ratios of Se/Zn, K/P, Cu/Zn, Na/K, and Se/Fe with the clinical stages of cancer. Inhibition of enzymatic activity caused by variation in trace element concentrations results in immunological breakdown of the body system.
体内微量元素对新陈代谢的影响及其在各种疾病中的生理重要性，促使人们对生物组织和体液中的微量元素进行准确的定量测定。利用短期和长期辐照的仪器中子活化分析（INAA）已被用于测定30例处于四个临床阶段的患者的癌性和正常乳腺组织中的五种常量元素（氯、钾、钠、镁、磷）和15种微量元素（砷、溴、钴、铬、铯、铜、铁、汞、锰、铷、锑、硒、钪、锶和锌）。几种元素在癌性乳腺组织中含量增加。硒的增加幅度最大，为94.7%，其次是钾（81.6%）、钪（66.7%）、铜（58.2%）、钠（48.5%）、磷（44.4%）和锌（39.2%）。一些元素，如铁、铬和锰，分别降低了30.8%、30.1%和12.8%。这些元素竞争细胞中的结合位点，改变其酶活性，并对致癌过程产生直接或间接作用，加速肿瘤生长。癌细胞的组织病理学检查显示细胞分化不良，进一步证明了这一点。人们试图将硒、铜、锌、铷、溴、汞、砷、钴、铁、铬和锰的微量元素浓度以及硒/锌、钾/磷、铜/锌、钠/钾和硒/铁的比值与癌症的临床阶段联系起来。微量元素浓度变化引起的酶活性抑制导致身体免疫系统的免疫功能崩溃。
