National Bureau of Standards, 20899, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1987 Apr;12(1):263-95. doi: 10.1007/BF02796686.
This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids.A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand.This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn.Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available.In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.
本报告旨在为选定的人体组织和体液中的 15 种微量元素的元素浓度制定参考范围。选择了一组包括全血、血清、尿液、牛奶、肝脏和头发的样本，并考虑了 15 种具有生物学意义的元素：砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、氟、铁、碘、汞、锰、钼、镍、铅、硒和锌。结果代表了来自非洲、亚洲、欧洲、北美、南美、中美洲、澳大利亚和新西兰等全球地区的 40 个国家的部分或全部数据。这次调查，即使是定性的，也有助于展示全球范围内微量元素情况的某些趋势。当然，饮食和环境对许多元素的分布模式有很大影响，如砷、镉、锰、铅、硒和锌。对不同国家土壤状况的现有信息进行有限比较，反映了一些有趣的元素关联，如锰和锌。重要的是，这项研究表明，只有少数几个国家能够确定与本项目要求的样本相关的大量数据。遗憾的是，对于许多国家来说，即使是铜、铁和锌等基本元素，也没有可靠的数据。鉴于许多元素的营养重要性，现在是政府间机构共同努力的时候了，发起调查或委托工作队/项目，为目前缺乏任何类型数据的选定全球地区生成可靠的参考数据。
