Riva E, Fiocchi A, Agostoni C, Biasucci G, Sala M, Banderali G, Luotti D, Giovannini M
Fifth Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
J Inherit Metab Dis. 1994;17(6):710-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00712013.
The effect of diet on the development of immunoallergic signs and symptoms in children with phenylketonuria (PKU) was evaluated. Immunological indices of 58 children with PKU treated with diets were compared to the immunological indices of 58 healthy (non-PKU) children. In the PKU group, 39 children had been placed on diet therapy within the first month of life; 19 children had been placed on diet therapy after 6 months of age. Total circulating lymphocytes; CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ circulating lymphocytes; and serum IgA, IgM, IgG and total IgE levels were measured for each child. Skin prick tests were performed for common inhalant and food allergens. Every 3 months over the 2-year period of this study, the signs and symptoms of eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma were recorded. The PKU group had lower IgG levels (p = 0.004) and higher total IgE levels (p = 0.0001) than the control group. Significantly lower IgE levels were found in children started on diet therapy within the first month of life compared with those started on diet therapy after 6 months of age (p = 0.0001). Allergic sensitization was significantly more frequent in the PKU group (24/58 vs 13/58, z = 2.00, p < 0.05), but no significant difference in the incidence of eczema and allergic rhinitis was found. Asthma was less frequent in the PKU group than in the control group (5/58 vs 14/58, z = 2.09, p < 0.05). Thus, diet appeared to prevent the development of immunoallergic signs and symptoms.
评估了饮食对苯丙酮尿症（PKU）患儿免疫过敏体征和症状发展的影响。将58例接受饮食治疗的PKU患儿的免疫指标与58例健康（非PKU）儿童的免疫指标进行比较。在PKU组中，39例患儿在出生后第一个月内开始饮食治疗；19例患儿在6个月龄后开始饮食治疗。测量每个患儿的循环淋巴细胞总数、CD3 +、CD4 +、CD8 +循环淋巴细胞以及血清IgA、IgM、IgG和总IgE水平。对常见吸入性和食物过敏原进行皮肤点刺试验。在本研究的2年期间，每3个月记录一次湿疹、过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的体征和症状。PKU组的IgG水平低于对照组（p = 0.004），总IgE水平高于对照组（p = 0.0001）。与6个月龄后开始饮食治疗的儿童相比，出生后第一个月内开始饮食治疗的儿童的IgE水平显著降低（p = 0.0001）。PKU组的过敏致敏明显更频繁（24/58对13/58，z = 2.00，p < 0.05），但湿疹和过敏性鼻炎的发病率没有显著差异。PKU组哮喘的发病率低于对照组（5/58对14/58，z = 2.09，p < 0.05）。因此，饮食似乎可以预防免疫过敏体征和症状的发展。
