Eisenberg N, Fabes R A, Murphy B C
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995 Mar;68(3):505-17. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.68.3.505.
The relations of shyness and low sociability (i.e., the nonfearful preference to be alone) to measures of regulation and emotionality were examined. College students and (for some variables) friends reported on their relevant dispositional characteristics. In general, shyness was associated with low regulation and high negative emotionality (including intensity, negative affectivity, and personal distress), low positive affect, and low constructive coping. In contrast, low sociability was unrelated to negative emotionality; associated with low positive emotional intensity, low physiological reactivity, and high inhibition control; and correlated with low seeking of social support as a means of coping. The findings are considered within a heuristic model in which emotional reactivity and regulation are proposed as predictors of social responding.
研究了害羞和低社交性（即不害怕独处的偏好）与调节和情绪测量指标之间的关系。大学生以及（某些变量的）朋友报告了他们相关的性格特征。总体而言，害羞与低调节能力、高负面情绪（包括强度、消极情感和个人痛苦）、低积极情绪以及低建设性应对方式相关。相比之下，低社交性与负面情绪无关；与低积极情绪强度、低生理反应性和高抑制控制相关；并且与作为应对方式的低社会支持寻求相关。这些发现是在一个启发式模型中进行考量的，该模型提出情绪反应性和调节能力是社会反应的预测指标。
