Solomon S, Anuradha S, Rajasekaran S
Institute of Microbiology, Madras Medical College, India.
Tuber Lung Dis. 1995 Feb;76(1):17-9. doi: 10.1016/0962-8479(95)90573-1.
Tuberculosis is life threatening, transmissible and pandemic especially among millions of HIV infected persons. In developing countries like India where HIV infection is becoming prevalent and where tuberculosis infection has long been endemic, its incidence is increasing.
The aim of the study was to find out the trend of HIV infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in south India.
HIV seropositivity was assessed in 1430 radiologically and/or bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis patients attending major tuberculosis institutions in Madras by the AIDS Cell, Institute of Microbiology, Madras Medical College, Madras from January 1991 to May 1993.
HIV seropositivity was found to rise significantly from 0.77% in 1991 to 3.4% in 1993 (P < 0.05). 22 (91.67%) of a total of 24 HIV seropositive pulmonary tuberculosis patients had pulmonary cavities and 21 patients (87.5%) had bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis.
The findings of this prospective study suggest that pulmonary tuberculosis patients with HIV infection are an in early phase of immunosuppression. This study reveals the rising trend of HIV infection; all persons with tuberculosis should therefore be questioned about the risk factors for HIV infection and urged to have an HIV test.
结核病具有生命威胁、可传播且呈全球流行态势，在数百万艾滋病毒感染者中尤为如此。在像印度这样的发展中国家，艾滋病毒感染日益普遍，而结核病感染长期以来一直流行，其发病率正在上升。
本研究旨在查明印度南部肺结核患者中艾滋病毒感染的趋势。
1991年1月至1993年5月期间，马德拉斯医学院微生物学研究所艾滋病防治小组对在马德拉斯主要结核病机构就诊的1430例经放射学和/或细菌学确诊的肺结核患者进行了艾滋病毒血清学阳性评估。
发现艾滋病毒血清学阳性率从1991年的0.77%显著上升至1993年的3.4%（P < 0.05）。在总共24例艾滋病毒血清学阳性的肺结核患者中，22例（91.67%）有肺空洞，21例（87.5%）经细菌学确诊为结核病。
这项前瞻性研究的结果表明，感染艾滋病毒的肺结核患者正处于免疫抑制的早期阶段。本研究揭示了艾滋病毒感染呈上升趋势；因此，应对所有结核病患者询问艾滋病毒感染的危险因素，并敦促他们进行艾滋病毒检测。
