Hutchins A M, Slavin J L, Lampe J W
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1995 May;95(5):545-51. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(95)00149-2.
To compare the effects of consumption of fermented and unfermented soy products on excretion of urinary isoflavonoid phytoestrogens and lignans in healthy men.
A randomized, crossover trial consisting of two 9-day feeding periods following 5 days of baseline data collection.
Healthy men, aged 20 to 40 years, were recruited from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities community. Of the 22 subjects who began the study, 17 completed all feeding periods.
Fermented soy product (112 g tempeh) or unfermented soy (125 g soybean pieces) was consumed during each controlled feeding period.
Urine samples collected while subjects consumed their habitual diets and on the last 3 days of each feeding period were analyzed for isoflavonoid and lignan content by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Comparisons of isoflavonoid and lignan excretion were analyzed using the general linear model procedure. Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine treatment differences of interest.
Urinary excretion of isoflavonoids (equol, O-desmethylangolensin [O-DMA], daidzein, genistein) was higher and excretion of lignans (enterodiol, enterolactone) was lower when subjects consumed soy-supplemented diets than when they consumed their habitual diets (P < .05). Urinary isoflavonoid excretion and lignan excretion were similar when subjects consumed tempeh and soybean pieces diets; however, recovery of daidzein and genistein was significantly higher when subjects consumed the tempeh diet than when they consumed the soybean pieces diet (P < .002). When fed soy, 5 of 17 subjects excreted high amounts of equol. These five subjects tended to excrete less O-DMA and daidzein than the 12 subjects who excreted low amounts of equol (P < .06).
Fermentation of soy decreased the isoflavone content of the product fed but increased the urinary isoflavonoid recovery. This finding suggests that fermentation increases availability of isoflavones in soy.
比较食用发酵和未发酵大豆制品对健康男性尿中异黄酮类植物雌激素和木脂素排泄的影响。
一项随机交叉试验，在收集5天基线数据后，包括两个为期9天的喂食期。
从明尼苏达大学双城社区招募年龄在20至40岁的健康男性。开始研究的22名受试者中，17名完成了所有喂食期。
在每个对照喂食期食用发酵大豆制品（112克豆豉）或未发酵大豆（125克大豆块）。
在受试者食用习惯饮食期间以及每个喂食期的最后3天收集的尿液样本，通过同位素稀释气相色谱 - 质谱法分析异黄酮和木脂素含量。
使用一般线性模型程序分析异黄酮和木脂素排泄的比较。使用正交对比来确定感兴趣的治疗差异。
与食用习惯饮食相比，受试者食用补充大豆的饮食时，尿中异黄酮（雌马酚、O - 去甲基安哥拉紫檀素[O - DMA]、大豆苷元、染料木黄酮）排泄量更高，木脂素（肠二醇、肠内酯）排泄量更低（P <.05）。受试者食用豆豉和大豆块饮食时，尿中异黄酮排泄和木脂素排泄相似；然而，受试者食用豆豉饮食时大豆苷元和染料木黄酮的回收率显著高于食用大豆块饮食时（P <.002）。喂食大豆时，17名受试者中有5名排泄大量雌马酚。这5名受试者排泄的O - DMA和大豆苷元往往比排泄少量雌马酚的12名受试者少（P <.06）。
大豆发酵降低了所喂食产品的异黄酮含量，但增加了尿中异黄酮的回收率。这一发现表明发酵增加了大豆中异黄酮的可利用性。
