Armstrong L E, Maresh C M, Riebe D, Kenefick R W, Castellani J W, Senk J M, Echegaray M, Foley M F
Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1110, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Feb;27(2):211-6.
Wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injuries (WA) face challenges to thermal homeostasis, including reduced cutaneous vasoaction and sweat production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local cooling to reduce heat strain in WA. Six elite, endurance-trained male WA (33 +/- 3 yr, 64 +/- 4 kg) performed three strenuous exercise tests in a hot-humid environment (32.9 +/- 0.1 degrees C, 75 +/- 3% RH) by pushing a racing chair on a stationary roller (30 min, 16.5 km.h-1, 704-766 W metabolic heat) while wearing shorts and socks. The three treatments involved an ice-packet vest (V) (0.14 m2 of skin surface), a refrigerated headpiece (H) (0.16 m2), or no cooling (C) (control). The vest and headpiece offered potential cooling of 388 W and 266 W. Mean body heat storage for trials V (117 +/- 26 W), H (117 +/- 22 W), and C (164 +/- 40 W) were statistically similar, partly because V (117 +/- 47 W) and H (75 +/- 59 W) cooled inefficiently (30 and 28%, respectively). Repeated measure ANOVA indicated no significant between-treatment differences (P > 0.05) for any variable in trials V, H, and C. We concluded that local cooling during V and H was ineffective because heat storage decreased, but was not prevented.
脊髓损伤轮椅运动员（WA）面临体温调节方面的挑战，包括皮肤血管反应和汗液分泌减少。本研究的目的是评估局部降温对减轻WA热应激的效果。六名精英耐力训练男性WA（33±3岁，64±4千克）在炎热潮湿环境（32.9±0.1摄氏度，75±3%相对湿度）中进行了三次剧烈运动测试，他们穿着短裤和袜子，在固定滚筒上推赛车椅（30分钟，16.5千米/小时，704 - 766瓦代谢热）。三种处理方式分别为：冰袋背心（V）（覆盖0.14平方米皮肤表面）、冷藏头带（H）（覆盖0.16平方米）或无降温处理（C）（对照）。背心和头带的潜在降温功率分别为388瓦和266瓦。V组（117±26瓦）、H组（117±22瓦）和C组（164±40瓦）的平均身体蓄热在统计学上相似，部分原因是V组（117±47瓦）和H组（75±59瓦）的降温效率低下（分别为30%和28%）。重复测量方差分析表明，V组、H组和C组在任何变量上的处理间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。我们得出结论，V组和H组的局部降温无效，因为身体蓄热虽有下降，但未得到阻止。
