Ey J L, Holberg C J, Aldous M B, Wright A L, Martinez F D, Taussig L M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724, USA.
Pediatrics. 1995 May;95(5):670-7.
This study examined, in a health maintenance organization population of children, the associations between parents' smoking and otitis media (OM) in their children while controlling for other known risk factors.
Healthy newborns (1246) in a large health maintenance organization were enrolled at birth, and 1013 (81%) were followed prospectively for the first year of life. Their medical records were reviewed for the diagnosis of otitis media. Information on risk factors for recurrent OM (ROM) was collected, including a number of variables related to parental smoking.
After controlling for other known risk factors for ROM including gender, day care, other siblings in the home, parental history of hay fever, and method of feeding, it was found that heavy maternal smoking of 20 or more cigarettes per day was a significant risk factor for ROM but not for nonrecurrent otitis. Heavy maternal smoking was associated with a threefold risk for ROM if the infant weighed less than the mean at birth (3.5 kg) after controlling for other risk factors. No association was found with paternal smoking.
Heavy maternal smoking is a significant risk factor for ROM in the first year of life. This smoking effect seems to be stronger among infants of lower birth weight.
本研究在一个健康维护组织的儿童群体中，在控制其他已知风险因素的同时，考察父母吸烟与子女中耳炎（OM）之间的关联。
大型健康维护组织中的1246名健康新生儿在出生时被纳入研究，其中1013名（81%）在出生后的第一年接受了前瞻性随访。对他们的病历进行审查以诊断中耳炎。收集了复发性中耳炎（ROM）的风险因素信息，包括一些与父母吸烟有关的变量。
在控制了其他已知的ROM风险因素，包括性别、日托、家中其他兄弟姐妹、父母的花粉热病史和喂养方式后，发现母亲每天吸烟20支或更多是ROM的一个显著风险因素，但不是非复发性中耳炎的风险因素。在控制其他风险因素后，如果婴儿出生时体重低于平均水平（3.5千克），母亲大量吸烟与ROM风险增加三倍相关。未发现与父亲吸烟有关联。
母亲大量吸烟是出生后第一年ROM的一个显著风险因素。这种吸烟影响在低出生体重婴儿中似乎更强。
