Ott A, Breteler M M, van Harskamp F, Claus J J, van der Cammen T J, Grobbee D E, Hofman A
Erasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
BMJ. 1995 Apr 15;310(6985):970-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.310.6985.970.
To estimate the prevalence of dementia and its subtypes in the general population and examine the relation of the disease to education.
Population based cross sectional study.
Ommoord, a suburb of Rotterdam.
7528 participants of the Rotterdam study aged 55-106 years.
474 cases of dementia were detected, giving an overall prevalence of 6.3%. Prevalence ranged from 0.4% (5/1181 subjects) at age 55-59 years to 43.2% (19/44) at 95 years and over. Alzheimer's disease was the main subdiagnosis (339 cases; 72%); it was also the main cause of the pronounced increase in dementia with age. The relative proportion of vascular dementia (76 cases; 16%), Parkinson's disease dementia (30; 6%), and other dementias (24; 5%) decreased with age. A substantially higher prevalence of dementia was found in subjects with a low level of education. The association with education was not due to confounding by cardiovascular disease.
The prevalence of dementia increases exponentially with age. About one third of the population aged 85 and over has dementia. Three quarters of all dementia is due to Alzheimer's disease. In this study an inverse dose-response relation was found between education and dementia--in particular, Alzheimer's disease.
评估普通人群中痴呆症及其亚型的患病率，并研究该疾病与教育程度的关系。
基于人群的横断面研究。
鹿特丹郊区奥莫德。
鹿特丹研究中7528名年龄在55 - 106岁的参与者。
检测到474例痴呆症病例，总体患病率为6.3%。患病率从55 - 59岁时的0.4%（5/1181名受试者）到95岁及以上时的43.2%（19/44）不等。阿尔茨海默病是主要的亚诊断类型（339例；72%）；它也是痴呆症随年龄显著增加的主要原因。血管性痴呆（76例；16%）、帕金森病痴呆（30例；6%）和其他痴呆症（24例；5%）的相对比例随年龄下降。在教育程度低的受试者中发现痴呆症患病率显著更高。与教育程度的关联并非由心血管疾病的混杂因素导致。
痴呆症的患病率随年龄呈指数增长。85岁及以上人群中约三分之一患有痴呆症。所有痴呆症中有四分之三是由阿尔茨海默病引起的。在本研究中，发现教育程度与痴呆症——尤其是阿尔茨海默病之间存在反向剂量反应关系。
