Gillum R F, Mussolino M E
National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 Aug;47(8):911-9. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(94)90195-3.
To test the hypothesis that elevated white blood cell count (WBC) is associated with increased incidence of essential hypertension, data from the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study (NHEFS) were analyzed. Incidence of hypertension was determined in a cohort of 5782 white and 674 black persons with complete data who were normotensive at baseline. There was a statistically significant increase of about 50% in risk of hypertension over approximately 10 years' follow-up in white men aged 25-74 years with WBC > 8600 compared to men with WBC < 6200 cells/mm3. The association was independent of other risk variables. In white women, an association of high WBC with increased age-adjusted risk of hypertension was seen only at ages 45-64 and 65-74 years. The association was diminished and no longer significant after controlling for multiple risk variables. Data for black women suggested an increased risk among women with higher WBC compared to those with lower WBC at ages 65-74 after controlling other risk variables (p = 0.0001). No positive association was seen in black men. Thus, data from NHEFS confirm the previously reported association of higher WBC with increased incidence of hypertension in white men, and possibly older white and black women. Given the lack of a compelling biological explanation, further studies of this association are needed, especially in women and blacks.
为检验白细胞计数（WBC）升高与原发性高血压发病率增加相关这一假设，对美国国家健康与营养检查调查I流行病学随访研究（NHEFS）的数据进行了分析。在一组5782名白人及674名黑人中确定了高血压发病率，这些人在基线时血压正常且有完整数据。在白细胞计数>8600的25 - 74岁白人男性中，与白细胞计数<6200个/立方毫米的男性相比，在大约10年的随访期间高血压风险有统计学意义地增加了约50%。这种关联独立于其他风险变量。在白人女性中，仅在45 - 64岁和65 - 74岁时，高白细胞计数与年龄调整后的高血压风险增加有关。在控制多个风险变量后，这种关联减弱且不再显著。黑人女性的数据表明，在控制其他风险变量后，65 - 74岁白细胞计数较高的女性与白细胞计数较低的女性相比，风险增加（p = 0.0001）。在黑人男性中未发现正相关。因此，NHEFS的数据证实了先前报道的较高白细胞计数与白人男性、可能还有老年白人及黑人女性高血压发病率增加之间的关联。鉴于缺乏令人信服的生物学解释，需要对这种关联进行进一步研究，尤其是在女性和黑人中。
