Chen Z
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0044, USA.
Mem Cognit. 1995 Mar;23(2):255-69. doi: 10.3758/bf03197226.
A series of experiments was conducted to explore whether individuals can solve problems by transferring conceptual information gained from schematic pictures and to examine the mechanisms involved in this transfer process. Subjects viewed a schematic picture and then attempted to solve an insight problem to which the conceptual information from the picture could be applied. The results indicate that the degree of similarity--specifically, superficial and procedural similarity--between a source schematic picture and the target problem determined transfer performance. Discussion focuses on the relationship between these two types of similarity and the two key cognitive components involved in transferring pictorial analogies to solve problems: accessing the pictorial analogues and executing the solutions.
进行了一系列实验，以探究个体是否能够通过转移从示意性图片中获得的概念信息来解决问题，并检验这一转移过程中所涉及的机制。受试者观看一张示意性图片，然后尝试解决一个可以应用图片中概念信息的顿悟问题。结果表明，源示意性图片与目标问题之间的相似程度——具体而言，表面相似性和程序相似性——决定了转移效果。讨论聚焦于这两种相似性之间的关系，以及在转移图像类比以解决问题过程中涉及的两个关键认知成分：获取图像类比和执行解决方案。
