Thein L A, Thein J M, Landry G L
Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin Sports Medicine Center, Madison 53705, USA.
Phys Ther. 1995 May;75(5):426-39. doi: 10.1093/ptj/75.5.426.
In the context of sport, an ergogenic aid can be broadly defined as a technique or substance used for the purpose of enhancing performance. Ergogenic aids have been classified as nutritional, pharmacologic, physiologic, or psychologic and range from use of accepted techniques such as carbohydrate loading to illegal and unsafe approaches such as anabolic-androgenic steroid use. The efficacy of many of these techniques is controversial, whereas the deleterious side effects are clear. The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology, administration, efficacy, pharmacology, and side effects of commonly used ergogenic aids. Physical therapists should be able to recognize the signs of ergogenic aid abuse in individuals under their care, and they should be aware of the side effects of these aids. Moreover, the physical therapist can serve as a resource for those individuals seeking information on the risks and benefits of ergogenic aids.
在体育领域，促力剂可被宽泛地定义为用于提高运动成绩的一种技术或物质。促力剂已被分类为营养类、药理类、生理类或心理类，范围从使用公认的技术（如碳水化合物负荷法）到非法且不安全的方法（如使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇）。其中许多技术的功效存在争议，而其有害副作用却很明显。本文的目的是综述常用促力剂的流行病学、使用方法、功效、药理学及副作用。物理治疗师应能够识别其护理对象中滥用促力剂的迹象，并且应该了解这些促力剂的副作用。此外，物理治疗师可以为那些寻求促力剂风险和益处信息的人提供资源。
