Reyes H, Ribalta J, Hernández I, Arrese M, Pak N, Wells M, Kirsch R E
Department of Medicine, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago.
Hepatology. 1995 May;21(5):1373-9.
The hypothesis that dietary erucic acid may contribute to the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy has been examined in pregnant rats and hamsters after prolonged feeding of diets containing 25% rapeseed oil rich in erucic acid (40% of fatty acids) or corn oil, without erucic acid. Both dietary oils were well tolerated, although weight gain was 17% to 20% less in animals receiving rapeseed oil. Rats and hamsters were studied on the last day of pregnancy and compared with age- and diet-matched nonpregnant animals. Histological examination showed no major morphologic abnormalities in liver, heart, kidneys, and adrenals. Similar microscopic deposits of fat were found in the livers and hearts of pregnant hamsters of both dietary groups. Chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in liver, heart, and kidney homogenates of hamsters and in isolated rat liver cells reflected the fatty acid composition of the dietary oils: oleic (18:1) and linoleic (18:2) acids were among the predominant fatty acids. Erucic acid was found in a higher proportion in the heart (14% by weight of total fatty acids) than in the liver (3%) and kidneys (3%) of animals fed rapeseed oil. Bile flow and biliary lipid composition was similar in rats and hamsters fed rapeseed or corn oil. Bile flow tended to be less in pregnant than in nonpregnant animals. Pregnant hamsters fed rapeseed oil tended to have the lowest bile flow. The lithogenic index of bile was slightly decreased in pregnant rats and increased in pregnant hamsters, although these proportional changes were similar for both diets. In all circumstances the lithogenic index remained below a value of 1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在给怀孕大鼠和仓鼠长期喂食含有25%富含芥酸（占脂肪酸的40%）的菜籽油或不含芥酸的玉米油后，对膳食芥酸可能导致妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症发病机制的假说进行了研究。两种膳食油的耐受性都很好，不过食用菜籽油的动物体重增加比其他动物少17%至20%。在妊娠最后一天对大鼠和仓鼠进行研究，并与年龄和饮食匹配的未怀孕动物进行比较。组织学检查显示，肝脏、心脏、肾脏和肾上腺没有明显的形态学异常。两个膳食组的怀孕仓鼠的肝脏和心脏中都发现了类似的微小脂肪沉积物。对仓鼠肝脏、心脏和肾脏匀浆以及分离的大鼠肝细胞中的脂肪酸进行色谱分析，结果反映了膳食油的脂肪酸组成：油酸（18:1）和亚油酸（18:2）是主要脂肪酸。在食用菜籽油的动物中，心脏中发现的芥酸比例（占总脂肪酸重量的14%）高于肝脏（3%）和肾脏（3%）。喂食菜籽油或玉米油的大鼠和仓鼠的胆汁流量和胆汁脂质组成相似。怀孕动物的胆汁流量往往比未怀孕动物少。喂食菜籽油的怀孕仓鼠的胆汁流量往往最低。怀孕大鼠胆汁的成石指数略有下降，怀孕仓鼠的则有所上升，不过两种饮食的这些比例变化相似。在所有情况下，成石指数都保持在1以下。（摘要截断于250字）
