Altinoz Meric A, Serdar Muhittin A, Altinoz Selim M, Eroglu Mustafa, Muhcu Murat, Kumru Pinar, Ozpinar Aysel
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University, 34638 Istanbul, Turkey.
Bachelor Student of Statistics, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 17;17(12):2017. doi: 10.3390/nu17122017.
This study analyzed correlations of colostrum fatty acids (FAs), newborns' and mothers' thyroid hormones (THs), and birth weight, all crucially important in neonatal health. LC-MS/MS was used to measure 22 FAs in the colostrum of 78 healthy mothers who delivered term babies. FT3, FT4, and TSH levels were determined in the mothers' serum, and newborns' TSH was measured in heel-pricked specimens. Correlations were defined in the whole cohort and the subsets, which were separated according to ranges of birth weight, thyroid hormones, and mothers' body mass index. Phyton Software was used for statistics. The colostrum's total FA content was highly variable and correlated positively with the percentage values of arachidic, gondoic, and nervonic acids. Five FAs all positively correlated with birth weight for the entire cohort-including ω9 gondoic, erucic, and nervonic acids as well as saturated behenic and lignoceric acids-all produced with the same elongases. These correlations were relevant to gondoic, nervonic, behenic, and lignoceric acids when mothers with low FT4 levels were evaluated separately and to erucic acid in the subset comprising mothers with high TSH values. The priming of breast epithelia to adjust the colostrum quality starts prenatally, whose regulatory mechanisms partially overlap with fetal fat accretion. Thus, colostrum content may undergo modifications to compensate for the harm of subtle TH deficiencies on neonates' thermoregulation and development. Considering the previous findings showing that milk ω9 FAs are highest in colostrum, and even higher when mothers deliver preterm, our current results indicate their possible protective functions.
本研究分析了初乳脂肪酸（FAs）、新生儿和母亲的甲状腺激素（THs）以及出生体重之间的相关性，这些对新生儿健康都至关重要。采用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定了78名足月分娩健康母亲初乳中的22种脂肪酸。测定母亲血清中的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平，并在新生儿足跟血标本中测定其促甲状腺激素。在整个队列以及根据出生体重、甲状腺激素和母亲体重指数范围划分的子集中定义相关性。使用Phyton软件进行统计分析。初乳中总脂肪酸含量变化很大，且与花生酸、贡多酸和神经酸的百分比值呈正相关。整个队列中，5种脂肪酸均与出生体重呈正相关，包括ω9贡多酸、芥酸和神经酸以及饱和山嵛酸和二十四烷酸，它们均由相同的延长酶产生。当单独评估FT4水平较低的母亲时，这些相关性与贡多酸、神经酸、山嵛酸和二十四烷酸有关；在包括TSH值较高的母亲的子集中，这些相关性与芥酸有关。乳腺上皮细胞对初乳质量的调节在产前就已开始，其调节机制部分与胎儿脂肪堆积重叠。因此，初乳成分可能会发生改变，以弥补轻微甲状腺激素缺乏对新生儿体温调节和发育的损害。考虑到先前的研究结果表明，初乳中乳ω9脂肪酸含量最高，母亲早产时含量更高，我们目前的结果表明了它们可能具有保护作用。
