Ottery F D
Nutritional Support Service and Nutritional Oncology Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Semin Oncol. 1995 Apr;22(2 Suppl 3):98-111.
Nutritional care of cancer patients should always be considered supportive, whether the oncologic aim is cure or palliation. The goals of nutritional care are to support nutritional status, body composition, functional status, and quality of life. Proactive nutritional assessment and early intervention are the cornerstones of success. Failure to address nutrition is associated with longer hospital stays, increased risk of complication and death, and higher health care costs. Supportive nutritional intervention mandates standardized, cost-efficient assessment and aggressive symptom management. The latter includes nutrition-impact symptoms along the entire gastrointestinal tract, sensory changes, psychologic distress, pain, and anorexia. Components of pharmacologic and behavioral intervention are discussed in the context of supportive nutrition of the patient with cancer.
无论肿瘤治疗的目标是治愈还是姑息治疗，癌症患者的营养护理都应始终被视为支持性护理。营养护理的目标是维持营养状况、身体组成、功能状态和生活质量。积极的营养评估和早期干预是成功的基石。忽视营养问题会导致住院时间延长、并发症和死亡风险增加以及医疗费用升高。支持性营养干预要求进行标准化、成本效益高的评估以及积极的症状管理。后者包括整个胃肠道的营养影响症状、感觉变化、心理困扰、疼痛和厌食。本文将在癌症患者支持性营养的背景下讨论药物和行为干预的组成部分。
