Virto Ruiz M T, Marín Alcalá M P, Pascual Val T, López Morrás C, Aramburu Bergua I, Zubicoa Ventura J
Centro de Salud San Jorge, Pamplona, Navarra.
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 Sep 11;101(7):245-8.
To know and compare the prevalence of hepatitis B (HB) in two marginal populations (ciganes and gypsies) presumably pertaining to the same ethnic group and considered to have high risk for the disease.
Serologic markers were determined in 245 ciganes (65% of the total of the cigane population) and in 127 gypsies (45% of the total gypsy population). One hundred three individuals randomly chosen from the neighborhood were studied as a control group.
HbsAg was negative in the gypsies and positive in 0.9% of the controls and in 27% of the ciganes (p < 0.001). HbeAg was positive in 15% of the ciganes and negative in the other two groups (p < 0.001). Antibodies were found in 10% of the controls, 12% of the gypsies and in 72% of the ciganes (p < 0.001). In gypsies it was found that 29% were infected from adolescence versus 13% of the control population (p < 0.001). High intrafamily horizontal transmission in infancy was found in the ciganes in addition to vertical transmission.
The different habits and more precarious life style of the ciganes with respect to the gypsies may be the cause for the hyperendemia of hepatitis B in the former.
了解并比较两个边缘人群（吉卜赛人和罗姆人）中乙型肝炎（HB）的流行情况，这两个人群可能属于同一族群，且被认为是该疾病的高风险人群。
对245名吉卜赛人（占吉卜赛总人口的65%）和127名罗姆人（占罗姆人总人口的45%）进行了血清学标志物检测。从附近随机选取103人作为对照组进行研究。
罗姆人中乙肝表面抗原（HbsAg）呈阴性，对照组中0.9%呈阳性，吉卜赛人中27%呈阳性（p<0.001）。e抗原（HbeAg）在27%的吉卜赛人中呈阳性，在其他两组中呈阴性（p<0.001）。抗体在10%的对照组、12%的罗姆人和72%的吉卜赛人中被检测到（p<0.001）。在罗姆人中发现，29%的人在青春期感染，而对照组为13%（p<0.001）。除垂直传播外，在吉卜赛人中还发现婴儿期家庭内水平传播率较高。
吉卜赛人与罗姆人不同的生活习惯和更不稳定的生活方式可能是前者乙肝高流行率的原因。
