Gugelmann R
Soz Praventivmed. 1995;40(2):124-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01360327.
Since the introduction of the mumps vaccine in the U.S.A., the number of cases and those of associated complications of mumps have decreased, but the rates of complications have remained unchanged. The average age of those falling ill to mumps has increased because of the high degree of immunity among younger, immunized children. Rates of severe complications (encephalitis, death) are higher when the illness takes place at any age beyond the first decade of life, but increase particularly sharply in adulthood. Though an upward shift in age of those getting mumps has not yet been recorded in Switzerland, the relatively high rate of immunization among young children and a large group of susceptible older individuals means that similar conditions to those in the U.S. are present. We should continue to immunize susceptibles with the most effective available mumps vaccine because of this anticipated shift and the higher rates complications in older patients. The cost-benefit ratio of immunization compared to illness also speaks favorably for immunization.
自美国引入腮腺炎疫苗以来，腮腺炎病例数及其相关并发症数量有所下降，但并发症发生率保持不变。由于年龄较小且已接种疫苗的儿童具有高度免疫力，患腮腺炎的平均年龄有所增加。当疾病发生在生命的第一个十年之后的任何年龄段时，严重并发症（脑炎、死亡）的发生率较高，但在成年期尤其急剧上升。虽然瑞士尚未记录到患腮腺炎人群的年龄上升情况，但幼儿相对较高的免疫接种率以及大量易感的老年人群意味着存在与美国类似的情况。鉴于这种预期的变化以及老年患者中较高的并发症发生率，我们应该继续为易感人群接种现有的最有效的腮腺炎疫苗。与患病相比，免疫接种的成本效益比也有利于进行免疫接种。
