Makrides M, Simmer K, Neumann M, Gibson R
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Jun;61(6):1231-3. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1231.
The fatty acid composition of breast milk from 23 breast-feeding women was serially assessed by capillary gas chromatography from the 6th to the 30th wk of lactation. The proportions of total n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were unchanged with time, although some significant differences were noted for individual polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Of the n-3 PUFAs, only docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) concentrations changed, decreasing between 6 and 16 wk from 0.26 +/- 0.13% to 0.21 +/- 0.13% of total fatty acids but remaining at this proportion until 30 wk. Of the n-6 PUFAs, 18:3, 20:3, 20:4, and 22:5 all showed reductions with time. Compared with concentrations observed in a 1981 study, linoleic acid was higher (14% compared with 11% of total fatty acids), whereas the concentration of DHA was lower (0.21% compared with 0.32% of total fatty acids), possibly reflecting a general change in the diets of Australian women.
采用毛细管气相色谱法，对23名哺乳期女性在泌乳第6周到第30周期间母乳中的脂肪酸组成进行了连续评估。总n-3和n-6脂肪酸的比例随时间没有变化，不过个别多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）存在一些显著差异。在n-3多不饱和脂肪酸中，只有二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，22:6n-3）的浓度发生了变化，在第6周到第16周期间从占总脂肪酸的0.26±0.13%降至0.21±0.13%，但直至第30周一直保持这一比例。在n-6多不饱和脂肪酸中，18:3、20:3、20:4和22:5均随时间减少。与1981年一项研究中观察到的浓度相比，亚油酸含量更高（占总脂肪酸的14%，而之前为11%），而DHA的浓度更低（占总脂肪酸的0.21%，而之前为0.32%），这可能反映了澳大利亚女性饮食的总体变化。
