Rajadhyaksha M, Grossman M, Esterowitz D, Webb R H, Anderson R R
Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
J Invest Dermatol. 1995 Jun;104(6):946-52. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12606215.
Confocal scanning laser microscopy of live human skin was performed to investigate the correlation of in vivo cellular and morphologic features to histology, the effect of wavelength on imaging, and the role of melanin as a contrast agent. We built a video-rate confocal scanning laser microscope for in vivo imaging of human skin. Using a 100 x microscope objective, we imaged high-contrast optical "sections" of normal skin, vitiliginous skin, and a compound nevus. In vivo "confocal histology" correlated well with conventional histology. The maximum imaging depth increased with wavelength: the epidermis was imaged with visible 400-700-nm wavelengths; the superficial papillary dermis and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) in the deeper capillaries were imaged with the near infrared 800-900-nm wavelengths. For confocal reflectance imaging, melanin provided strong contrast by increased backscattering of light such that the cytoplasm in heavily pigmented cells imaged brightly. In vivo confocal microscopy potentially offers dermatologists a diagnostic tool that is instant and entirely non-invasive compared to conventional histopathology.
对活人皮肤进行共聚焦扫描激光显微镜检查，以研究体内细胞和形态学特征与组织学的相关性、波长对成像的影响以及黑色素作为造影剂的作用。我们构建了一台视频速率共聚焦扫描激光显微镜用于人体皮肤的体内成像。使用100倍显微镜物镜，我们对正常皮肤、白癜风皮肤和复合痣进行了高对比度光学“切片”成像。体内“共聚焦组织学”与传统组织学相关性良好。最大成像深度随波长增加：用400 - 700纳米可见波长对表皮成像；用800 - 900纳米近红外波长对较深毛细血管中的浅表乳头真皮和血细胞（红细胞和白细胞）成像。对于共聚焦反射成像，黑色素通过增加光的反向散射提供强烈对比度，使得色素沉着严重的细胞中的细胞质成像明亮。与传统组织病理学相比，体内共聚焦显微镜检查可能为皮肤科医生提供一种即时且完全非侵入性的诊断工具。
